Kata (形), meaning "form," is a prescribed series of techniques against imaginary attackers. Each movement represents a self-defense technique against a potential opponent. These self-defense "applications" are traditionally called bunkai (analysis). All kata have an embusen, the path of the kata. The movements of a given kata must always be performed in the correct order, and the kata must always start and finish on the same spot.
Kata is one of the earliest forms of karate training and an effective measure to pass down teachings. Kata can be quite diverse. Some are very strong and sturdy in nature, while others require great speed and agility. Certain techniques are performed slowly and powerfully, while others are executed more sharply and quickly. By practicing kata, the students learn rhythm and timing, expansion and contraction of the body's muscles, and proper breathing. Above all, an individual's performance in kata must exude confidence while maintaining the kata's humble nature. Students must always remember to not do kata on autopilot, but act as if the attacker is truly right there in front of them. Kata begins with a bow and only after the final bow is the kata truly finished.
Here are the katas in Shotokan, practiced in our dojo. Karatekas must be able to execute all previously learned katas.
White Belt
Kyu | Kata | Meaning | Number of Moves |
8th | Taikyoku Shodan | First Cause, First Level | 20 |
7th | Heian Shodan | Peaceful Mind, First Level | 21 |
Green Belt
6th | Heian Nidan | Peaceful Mind, Second Level | 26 |
5th | Heian Sandan | Peaceful Mind, Third Level | 20 |
4th | Heian Yondon | Peaceful Mind, Fourth Level | 27 |
Brown Belt
3rd | Heian Godan | Peaceful Mind, Fifth Level | 23 |
2nd | Tekki Shodan | Iron Horse, First Level | 29 |
1st | Bassai Dai | Penetrating the Fortress of an Enemy, Big | 42 |
Black Belt
Shodan | Kanku Dai | To View the Sky, Big | 65 |
Empi | Flying Swallow | 37 |
Jion | Temple Sound | 47 |
Student's favorite kata (after Shodan)
Hangetsu | Half Moon | 41 |
Sochin | Tranquil Force | 41 |
Meikyo | Bright Mirror | 33 |
Ji'in | Temple Sound | 35 |
Jitte | Ten Hands | 24 |
Tekki Nidan | Iron Horse, Second Level | 24 |
Tekki Sandan | Iron Horse, Third Level | 36 |
Bassai Sho | Penetrating the Fortress of an Enemy, Small | 27 |
Kanku Sho | To View the Sky, Small | 48 |
Nijushiho | Twenty Four Steps | 34 |
Wankan | King's Crown | 24 |
Gankaku | Crane on a Rock | 42 |
Chinte | Rare Hand | 32 |
Gojushiho Sho | Fifty Four Steps, Small | 65 |
Gojushiho Dai | Fifty Four Steps, Big | 67 |
Unsu | Cloud Hands | 48 |